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非發紺型先天性心臟病 (Noncyanotic CHD)
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- 心室中膈缺損 Ventricular septal defect, VSD
- 心房中膈缺損 Atrial septal defect, ASD
- 開放性動脈導管 Patent Ductus Arteriosus
- 肺動脈瓣狹窄 Pulmonary stenosis
- 主動脈弓狹窄 Coarctation of aorta, COA
- 主動脈瓣狹窄 Aortal stenosis
- 左心發育不全症候群 Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, HLHS
- 心內膜墊缺損(房室管) Atrioventricular canal (Endocardial cushion defect)
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發紺型先天性心臟病 (Cyanotic CHD)
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- 法洛氏四重症 Tetralogy of Fallet, TOF
- 三尖瓣閉鎖 Tricuspid atresia
- 大血管轉位 Complete transposition of the great arteries
- 新生兒的持續性肺動脈高壓 Persistent pulmonary hypertension in the neonatal
- 左側冠狀動脈異常出口 Anomalus origin of the left coronary artery
- Ebstein氏異常 Ebstein’s anomaly
- 動脈幹 Truncus arteriosus
- 全肺靜脈回流異常 Total anomalous pulmonary venous return, TAPVR
- 肺動脈瓣閉鎖合併完整的心室中膈 Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
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造成發紺的病生理
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造成發紺的原因
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Decreased
pulmonary
flow
肺動脈血流過少
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- ToF
- Tricuspid atresia
- Pulmonary atresia w/ intact ventricular septum
- Ebstein anomaly
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Increased
pulmonary
arterial
vasculature
R to L shunt
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- TGA
- Double of right ventricle
- Truncus arteriosus
- Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
- Pulmonary arteriovenous fistula
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Obstructed
pulmonary
venous
return
左心房回流過少
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- Atresia of the common pulmonary vein
- Hypoplastic left ventricle syndrome
- Mitral stenosis and cor triatriatum
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CHD 構造分類
- 阻塞型 : Aortic stenosis (AS)、主動脈狹窄Coarctation of aorta (CoA)
- 分流型：Atrial septal defect (ASD)
CHD 生理分類
- 壓力型 Pressure overload : AS、CoA
- 流量型 Volume overload : ASD、VSD、PDA
(因為左心壓力較右心大，所以流量型大多是R to L shunt)
參考資料：
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